C++ Tutorial-Learn C++ Programming with example

C++ Tutorial-Learn C++ Programming with example

About C++ 

           C++ is a high-level, general-purpose programming language created by Bjarne Stroustrup↗ as an extension of the C programming language, or "C with Classes".

Compilers

         There are many compilers for C++ like turbo C++, Visual Studio, Dev C++↗ and many more. We'll use Dev C++↗ for get rid from heavy software.


Basic of C++ 

1. Structure of a Program (Basic of C++)
2. Variable and their Types
3. Data Types
4. Escape Code
5. Constant
6. Operators

Program Structure

• Control Structure
• Functions
• Overload and Template

Arrays

•   Arrays
• Multidimensional Arrays
• C String 
• Passing Array to functions

Pointers

• Pointer
•  this pointers   

File Handling 

•  File Streams
• Binary File Handling
  

Object Oriented Programming C++ (OOP)

• Concept
• Class Declarations
• Construction 
• Destructor  
• Structure 
• Enumeration 
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Function Overloading and Overriding 
• Virtual Functions
• Abstraction
• Friends Classes  

Other C++ Tutorials

•  Exception  Handling 
• Casting 

Data  Structure 

• Stack 
• Queue   

  Feature of  C ++

          Here is the some feature od C++:

1.  OOP (Object-Oriented Programming)

C++ is an object-oriented language, unlike C which is a procedural language. This is one of the most important features of C++. It employs the use of objects while programming. We have briefly discussed all the 5 main concepts of object-oriented programming.

The OOP concepts are:

• Data abstraction: Data abstraction is an act of representing the important features of data without including the background details or the method applied to obtain it.
• Data encapsulation: Data encapsulation is nothing but a process to implement data abstraction by wrapping up the data and functions into an exclusive block.
• Inheritance: The term inheritance refers to transferring the properties of the parent class to the child class. We can implement the basic idea of inheritance by creating more than one class, which we formally refer to as derived classes by linking them with what we call the base class. This concept reduces the redundancy of the program and makes it easy to transfer/copy the properties of one class to another
• Data hiding: Data hiding refers to protecting data from unauthorized access. It is basically responsible for securing the data. It is important to note that data encapsulation is different from data hiding as encapsulation mainly focuses on shifting the focus on important data than explaining its complex nature.
• Polymorphism: The word poly means ‘many’ and morphism means ‘forms’. Clearly, polymorphism refers to displaying that data in more than one form.

   2. Platform or Machine Independent/ Portable

In simple terms, portability refers to using the same piece of code in varied environments.
Let us understand this C++ feature with the help of an example. Suppose you write a piece of code to find the name, age, and salary of an employee in Microsoft Windows and for some apparent reason you want to switch your operating system to LINUX. This code will work in a similar fashion as it did in Windows.

     3. High-level programming language

It is important to note that C++ is a high-level programming language, unlike C which is a mid-level programming language. It makes it easier for the user to work in C++ as a high-level language as we can closely associate it with the human-comprehensible language, that is, English.

  4. Popular

After learning C, it is the base language for many other popular programming languages which supports the feature of object-oriented programming. Bjarne Stroustrup found Simula 67, the first object-oriented language ever, lacking simulations and decided to develop C++.

 5. Case sensitive

Just like C, it is pretty clear that the C++ programming language treats the uppercase and lowercase characters in a different manner. For instance, the meaning of the keyword ‘cout’ changes if we write it as ‘Cout’ or “COUT”. Other programming languages like HTML and MySQL are not case sensitive.

 6. DMA (Dynamic Memory Allocation)

Since C++ supports the use of pointers, it allows us to allocate memory dynamically. We may even use constructors and destructors while working with classes and objects in C++.